Salvador Luria :: essays research papers

Salvador Luria   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salvador Luria was one of the founders of microbiology, as we know it. He emigrated from here from his native country of Italy in 1940. His work in the United States is his best known. His work on bacteriophage (bacterial virus) here brought up many new topics in bacteriology, biochemistry, and virology.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Born in 1912 in Turin, Italy Salvador Luria was born to David Luria and Ester Sacerdote. His father was a well-respected Jewish leader in his hometown. Salvador attended Liceo d’Azeglio high school. This was one of Northern Italy’s most highly recognized schools. After he finished high school he enrolled in medical school at the University of Turin. In medical school he studied with nerve tissue expert Giuseppe Levi. He met Ugo Fano who later taught him calculus and physics in an after school class using astronomy as a base.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The influence that Fano had on Salvador was so great that he decided to pursue basic sciences. He decided to go with Radiology, he believed this was the gap between physics and medicine. He received his medical degree in 1935. Although he had received his degree he was not happy. He believed Radiology was the most boring part of the medical world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salvador was drafted into the Italian Army as a medic. This proved he was not made for a medical career. He was discharged in 1937 and moved to Rome. In Rome he study at the Physics Institute of the University of Rome. He was shown the writings of Max Delbruck, who had boldly stated a gene, was a molecule. Salvador later said that Max’s writings were the â€Å"Holy Grail of biophysics.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While living in an old broken down trolley car in the streets of Rome Salvador started a conversation with a microbiologist by the name of Geo Rita. Geo introduced him to bacteriophage, Salvador believed he could prove Max’s theory. He fled Europe in 1940 when the Nazi war machine was an approaching. He acquired an American visa and came to the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once he arrived in the United States he got a position at Columbia University. He got a hold of Delbruck and Delbruck agreed to help him in his experiments. They spent the summer of ’41 in Columbia University’s Biological Laboratory. Here Salvador rejoined his old friend Ugo Fano. In 1942-1943 he continued his bacteriophage studies. He was trying to prove the process or processes that caused bacteria mutation.

Othello Essay

The Jacobean era in which William Shakespeare first wrote Othello, eventually published in 1622, is one which is rightly remembered as being held to strict, dogmatic codes of sexuality and gender-power structures. On the threshold of Queen Elizabeth’s crowning, England under King James continued to be a strictly patriarchal society, with the realms of war and diplomacy being fully impenetrable to women. Considered the primary means to demonstration and execution of power, such venues were perceived to have held sway over all manner of social order. From a cosmetic vantage, it appears through characters such as Brabantio, Othello and Iago that Shakespeare acknowledges a sociological structure which largely keeps women beholden to these powers of men. However, through its intricate weaving of deception which is continually based on a distortion of the realities between men and women, Shakespeare wily toys with conventional wisdom regarding sex and power, dismantling many of the assumptions pertaining to the topic which were processional from the cultural hegemony of his time and place. While the work is constantly given over to opportunistic sleights against the cunning malice of the female heart, the flaws of the male characters are ultimately the cause of tragedy. Shakespeare’s work is marked by a rare propensity for his time, to encourage a reconsideration of the reciprocal relationship inbuilt to the breakdown which occurs between love, lust and loyalty  While men such as Othello and Brabantio characterize power as being in the hands of the wealthy and physically impressive, Desdemona silently and passively illuminates that sexuality is the true power broker. Even before it is the force which weakens his senses, Othello recognizes that all of his fearsome strengths are blunted by his infirmity in the hands of love and lust: â€Å"When light-winged toys Of feathered Cupid seel with wanton dullness My speculative and officed instrument, That my disports corrupt and taint my business, Let housewives makes a skillet of my helm.† (1.3, 263-267) Fittingly, the conclusion magnifies this irony, consistent with the convolution of gender power and responsibility as it persists throughout. Othello recognizes that it is his indiscretion, not Desdemona’s, which has delivered him to incurable suspicion. When he finally succumbs to his misguided jealously, it becomes invariably clear that his physical strengths, those very same which were said to have won him the heart of Desdemona, were not simply made benign by the power of her sexuality. Worse, his powers are turned against him, unleashed from his control and wielded by a fog of lustful rage. In the denouement of the play, Othello is inconsolable of his own guilt. After choking the life out of his innocent wife, Othello is left powerless. In this is the eventual resolution of Shakespeare’s treatise on the falsehood in the power dynamic between men and women. Indeed, the power which is shown to be reflected in the woman is one which contradicts traditional assumptions of 16th century female gender roles. That the women in this play, and Desdemona in particular, ultimately command such power over the judgment of men is quite telling of Shakespeare’s unique perspective. The twisted frustration which marks the conclusion of the play is a strikingly aggressive declaration by the playwright that cultural assumptions regarding the genders are not just too often grossly misunderstood, but consequently also subject to terrible repercussions.

Relationship Between Father And His Son Essay - 815 Words

The relationship between a father and his son is one of the most important things in life. Also, it is not solely filled with love but one that can create pain and the sense of longing. This relationship assists in making a boy recognize right from wrong. Normally in life, we look up to our father to be the care taker and to encourage us to make our own decisions on what is right and what is wrong. The relationship between a father and his son can be articulated as the most significant relationship that a man can has throughout the duration of his life. Through this essay I would like to prove the importance of father son relationship, and how it is illustrated in the novel â€Å"When the emperor was divine†. Fathers play an important role in the lives of their sons. The male model may add to a boy’s understanding of manhood, and it may also help to create a power connection in the relationship. The things every boy needs from his dad is helping learn the importance of father in the healthy development. If a father is nurturing, loving, strong, self- controlled and honorable, his son will emulate those qualities. However, if this father is emotionally distant, preoccupied, and uninterested, he will also learn those qualities. The relationship between father and son is based on respect, understanding, trust and concern. It can build a good connection with the teenagers spending more time together, keeping promise, joking and appreciating their efforts and strengths. TeenagersShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between A Father Gouichi Takata And His Son Kenichi892 Words   |  4 Pagesabout the relationship between a father Gouichi Takata and his son Kenichi. Throughout the film, Mr.Takata is a wordless person. He does not like to speak with people and does not like to express his emotion. That is also the reason why there is a barrier between him and his son Kenichi. At the end the father and the son finally understand each other. Instead of direct ly communication between both of them, the director nicely arranges Takata travels to China and follows the paces of his son. He doesRead MoreAnalysis Of My Fathers Song818 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribes his time spent with his father. In the poem â€Å"My Father’s Song† a grown man remembers the previous memories of time spent with his father, when he was a child. These two poems coincide through tone, word choice, and figurative language to show the relationship between a father and son. The boy portrays his father as a drunk dad who gives his little boy a rough time, yet, being a male role model for his young boy. The alcohol describes the father as a strict straightforward father, their relationshipRead MoreComparison of Two Short Stories by Tobias Wolff and T.C Boyle1263 Words   |  6 Pageshatred and denial, father-son relationships can be characterized by many good and bad experiences. After reading the two short stories Powder by Tobias Wolff and If the River was Whiskey by T.C. Boyle, which both feature father-son relationships that are placed under a large amount of stress. There are many similarities and differences between these two relationships that are not apparent upon just a cursory glance. A father can be completely inconsiderate of his sons needs or try his best to meetRead MoreDr. Terry W. Thompson980 Words   |  4 Pagesfailed father and son relationships in his essay â€Å"Shelley’s Frankenstein.† Dr. Thompson offers background i nformation on subtleties within the novel, which are not easily associated without the knowledge of historical figures and Greek mythology. He focuses this vast background knowledge on connecting the failed father and son relationship of Victor Frankenstein and the creature. While many would agree that Mary Shelley’s references to historical figures excellently support the failed father and sonRead MoreDeath of a Salesman by Arthur Miller811 Words   |  3 Pages If a relationship between family members isnt strong there becomes a feeling of loneliness and lack of support. One of the most important relationships in family is between a father and his son. How a father treats their son can affect them for the rest of their lives with relationships, careers, and many other aspects in life. In the plays Fences by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, two types of father-son relationships are shown. The difference in the relationship causesRead MoreFather Son An d The Father1353 Words   |  6 Pagesfather son relationship by making the son superior to the father. The chaos of this power dynamic is exemplified when Stevens is asked to restrict his father’s duties around the house, due to his decreasing health. Stevens enters his father’s chambers to deliver the message and recalls dictating The fact is, Father has become increasingly infirm. So much so that even the duties of an under-butler are now beyond his capabilities. His lordship is of the view, as indeed I am myself, that while FatherRead MoreThose Winter Sondays And My Papas Waltz Analysis924 Words   |  4 PagesThe relationship between a father and his son is a sacred bond that is evident in all cultures. Although most fathers typically share a special kind of love for their sons, this affection can be displayed in many different ways. This theme of father and son love is expressed in the poems Those Winter Sundays, by Robert Hayden, and My Papa’s Waltz, by Theodore Roethke. Both of these authors use imagery and an extended metaphor to depict two different relationships between father and son. In My Papa’sRead MoreEssay on Love Found Within Battered Knuckles and Cracked Hands690 Words   |  3 Pagesaffectionate father that is fully involved in every aspect of a child’s life. Others portray a more detached father that focuses on one specific role within that child’s life. Traditionally, that one specific role is that of provider. Often, the manner in which a father communicates and shows his love for a child is based upon the role in which he plays. Accordingly, the poems â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Theodore Roethke and â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Robert Hayden both portray the relationship between a fatherRead MoreFather-Son Relationships in the Oddysey Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesFather-Son Relationships in The Odyssey Be careful to leave your sons well instructed rather than rich, for the hopes of the instructed are better than the wealth of the ignorant. This quote, stated by Epictetus, is an ideal depiction of the importance of father-son relationships in Homer’s ancient Greek epic, The Odyssey. The protagonist of The  Odyssey,  Odysseus, fights among the other Greek heroes at Troy and struggles to return to his kingdom in Ithaca where his loyal wife, Penelope, and hisRead More I Never Sang for my Father Essay515 Words   |  3 PagesI Never Sang for my Father The father son relationship is very important. A growing boy needs a strong fatherly presence in order to become a â€Å"man†. The plays, â€Å"I Never Sang for my Father,† and â€Å"The Owl Killer,† and the short story â€Å"Notes to a Native Son,† show this. The lack of communication and basic affection from their fathers directly affected the sons’ mental health, including self-esteem. The father in â€Å"I Never Sang For My Father,† Tom, was very mentally and physically abusive